Generic Name

Insulin Aspart Recombinant

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Classification

FDA Approved Indications

• Improvement of glycemic control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus

Mechanism of Action

Insulin Aspart is a fast-acting insulin analog that mimics endogenous insulin response to a meal by facilitating cellular glucose uptake and inhibiting hepatic glucose production.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Individualized dosing; typically injected before meals with adjustments based on blood glucose levels.

Pediatric: Dosing based on weight and blood glucose levels, similar to adults; initial dosing varies.

Geriatric: Adjustments based on renal and hepatic function and comorbidities.

Renal Impairment: Possible need for dose adjustment; monitor blood glucose closely.

Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; monitor for hypoglycemia due to altered glucose metabolism.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapid absorption with peak effect approximately 1-3 hours post-injection.

Distribution: Distributed to body tissues, small volume of distribution.

Metabolism: Metabolized by insulin-degrading enzymes; hepatic and renal pathways involved.

Excretion: Excreted in urine as metabolites.

Half Life: Approximately 1 hour (elimination half-life).

Contraindications

• Hypoglycemia
• Allergy to insulin or excipients

Precautions

• Use with caution in renal or hepatic impairment, during illness or stress, and in pregnant or lactating women.

Adverse Reactions - Common

• Hypoglycemia (Common)
• Lipodystrophy at injection sites (Uncommon)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

• Severe hypoglycemia (Rare)
• Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

• Other antidiabetic agents (risk of hypoglycemia), corticosteroids (may raise blood glucose)

Drug-Food Interactions

• Alcohol may potentiate or impair glycemic control.

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Patient/Family Teaching

• Inject insulin as prescribed, recognize signs of hypoglycemia, carry quick-acting glucose source.
• Report hypoglycemic symptoms immediately.
• Maintain proper storage of insulin.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

• Risk of severe hypoglycemia, which can be life-threatening.
• Potential for hypoglycemia with dosing errors.

Genetic Factors: None specified.

Lab Test Interference: May affect some assays for insulin measurement.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Severe hypoglycemia, including sweating, trembling, confusion, unconsciousness.

Treatment: Administer oral glucose if alert; in severe cases, administer glucagon or IV dextrose under medical supervision.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store unopened vials and pens at 2°C to 8°C. Once in use, can be kept at room temperature (up to 25°C) for up to 28 days.

Stability: Stable for 28 days at room temperature when in use.