Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Levocabastine Hydrochloride
Classification
Therapeutic: Antihistamine, Topical
Pharmacological: Selective H1 antihistamine
FDA Approved Indications
- Allergic conjunctivitis
Mechanism of Action
Levocabastine is a selective H1 receptor antagonist that blocks histamine from binding to H1 receptors, thereby reducing allergic symptoms.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Apply 1-2 drops into each affected eye twice daily.
Pediatric: Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients under 3 years of age not established; use with caution in children over 3 years as directed by healthcare provider.
Geriatric: No specific dosage adjustments necessary, but monitor for side effects.
Renal Impairment: Use with caution, no specific dosage adjustments established.
Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; no specific guidelines established.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Rapid absorption after topical application.
Distribution: Primarily local action in eyes and minimal systemic absorption.
Metabolism: Minimal systemic absorption; possible hepatic metabolism.
Excretion: Excreted mainly in urine and feces, systemic levels are typically low.
Half Life: Approximately 3 hours when systemic absorption occurs.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levocabastine or any component of the formulation.
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with nasal mucosa fragility or perforation.
- May cause temporary visual disturbances; avoid driving or operating machinery until cleared.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Ocular stinging or burning (Common)
- Headache (Less common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Allergic reactions including rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing (Rare)
- Blurred vision or eye discomfort (Less common)
Drug-Drug Interactions
N/ADrug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Assess for improvement of allergic conjunctivitis symptoms and for adverse reactions.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for injury due to blurred vision
Implementation: Administer eye drops as prescribed, instruct patient on proper instillation technique, and monitor for adverse reactions.
Evaluation: Evaluate effectiveness by reduction in allergic symptoms and absence of adverse effects.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Instruct patient to use eye drops exactly as prescribed.
- Report any signs of allergic reaction or increased eye discomfort.
- Avoid touching the dropper tip to the eye or other surfaces to prevent contamination.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings: N/A
Genetic Factors: No known genetic factors affecting response.
Lab Test Interference: None reported.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Excessive eye irritation, systemic antihistamine effects such as drowsiness.
Treatment: Supportive care; discontinue medication; in case of systemic overdose, seek emergency medical attention.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture.
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions for the duration of the shelf life.