Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Saralasin Acetate
Classification
Therapeutic: Vasodilator, Antihypertensive
Pharmacological: Angiotensin II antagonist, partial agonist
FDA Approved Indications
- Research use in hypertension and heart failure (not approved for general clinical use)
Mechanism of Action
Saralasin is a synthetic peptide that acts as a partial agonist at angiotensin II receptors, antagonizing the effects of endogenous angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Administer IV infusion as per research protocol; dosing varies based on study design.
Pediatric: Not established; used only in research settings.
Geriatric: Use with caution; adjust based on response and tolerability.
Renal Impairment: Dose adjustments not well established; monitor closely.
Hepatic Impairment: Limited data, use with caution.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Not applicable; administered intravenously.
Distribution: Widely distributed; specifics unknown.
Metabolism: Metabolized minimally; primarily excreted unchanged.
Excretion: Excreted mainly via kidneys.
Half Life: Short; approximately 1-2 minutes.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to saralasin or peptides.
- Use in pregnant or breastfeeding women is not recommended due to lack of data.
Precautions
- Monitor blood pressure closely during administration.
- Use with caution in patients with volume depletion or electrolyte imbalances.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Hypotension (Rare)
- Headache (Rare)
- Nausea (Rare)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Anaphylactic reactions (Very rare)
- Electrolyte disturbances (hyperkalemia or hyponatremia) (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Other antihypertensives may augment hypotensive effects.
Drug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, and electrolyte levels.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for hypotension
- Electrolyte imbalance
Implementation: Administer as per protocol; monitor vital signs frequently during infusion.
Evaluation: Assess for desired blood pressure reduction and adverse effects.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Report symptoms of dizziness, hypotension, or allergic reactions.
- Avoid abrupt position changes.
- Maintain hydration as advised.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings: N/A
Genetic Factors: None known.
Lab Test Interference: May alter serum electrolyte levels; monitor labs accordingly.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Severe hypotension, dizziness, shock.
Treatment: Discontinue drug; provide supportive care, including IV fluids and vasopressors if needed.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture.
Stability: Stable for 24 months when stored properly.