Home Drug Guide Bromfenac Sodium

Drug Guide

Generic Name

Bromfenac Sodium

Brand Names Xibrom, Bromday, Prolensa, Bromsite

Classification

Therapeutic: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) — Ophthalmic

Pharmacological: NSAID — Cyclooxygenase inhibitor

FDA Approved Indications

Treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation and pain after cataract surgery

Mechanism of Action

Bromfenac inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2), resulting in decreased formation of prostaglandins involved in inflammation and pain.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Typically, one drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily for 14 days or as directed by the physician.

Pediatric: Safety and efficacy not established for pediatric patients; use in children is not recommended unless specifically directed by a specialist.

Geriatric: No specific dosage adjustments required; monitor for additional risk factors for NSAID-related adverse effects.

Renal Impairment: Adjust dosage with caution; monitor renal function during prolonged use.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific dosage adjustments recommended; use with caution.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapidly absorbed through the cornea into ocular tissues.

Distribution: Localized in ocular tissues; systemic absorption minimal.

Metabolism: Metabolized locally in ocular tissues; minimal systemic metabolism.

Excretion: Primarily via aqueous humor; systemic excretion not well defined due to minimal absorption.

Half Life: Approximately 2.2 hours in ocular tissues.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to bromfenac or other NSAIDs
Active ocular infections

Precautions

Use with caution in patients with bleeding disorders, on anticoagulants, or with compromised wound healing.

Adverse Reactions - Common

Eye irritation, including burning, stinging, or foreign body sensation (Common)
Blurred vision (Common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

Corneal erosion or ulceration (Rare)
Allergic reactions including conjunctivitis or eyelid swelling (Rare)
Eyelid dermatitis (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

Systemic NSAIDs (increased risk of bleeding)
Anticoagulants (increased bleeding risk)

Drug-Food Interactions

N/A

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Assessment: Assess ocular condition and monitor for signs of irritation or adverse reactions.

Diagnoses:

Risk for impaired tissue integrity
Risk for bleeding

Implementation: Administer ophthalmic drops as prescribed; instruct patient on proper technique.

Evaluation: Evaluate symptom relief and monitor for adverse effects.

Patient/Family Teaching

Instruct patient on proper administration of drops.
Advise on potential side effects and when to seek medical attention.
Emphasize the importance of adherence to dosing schedule.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

None currently

Genetic Factors: None established.

Lab Test Interference: Minimal systemic levels; unlikely to interfere with laboratory tests.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Eye irritation, systemic NSAID toxicity unlikely due to minimal absorption.

Treatment: Supportive; if accidental ingestion occurs, provide symptomatic treatment and support renal function.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store at room temperature away from light and moisture.

Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions until the expiration date.