Generic Name

Econazole Nitrate

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Classification

FDA Approved Indications

• Topical treatment of dermatophyte infections, candidiasis, tinea infections

Mechanism of Action

Econazole inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes, by blocking the enzyme lanosterol 14α-demethylase, leading to increased membrane permeability and cell death.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Apply a thin film to the affected area once or twice daily, depending on the infection.

Pediatric: Use as directed by a healthcare provider; safety and efficacy in children under 2 years have not been established.

Geriatric: Adjust as needed based on response; no specific alterations, but monitor for unusual reactions.

Renal Impairment: No specific adjustments recommended.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments; use with caution.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption when applied topically.

Distribution: Primarily local; systemic levels are usually negligible.

Metabolism: Metabolized locally in the skin.

Excretion: Excreted mainly in skin and hair; minimal systemic excretion.

Half Life: Not well established due to limited systemic absorption.

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to econazole or other imidazole antifungals.

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with hypersensitivity to other azole antifungals; avoid contact with eyes; not for use on large areas or broken skin unless directed by a healthcare provider.

Adverse Reactions - Common

• Local skin irritation (redness, burning, itching) (Common)
• Contact dermatitis (Less common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

• Allergic contact dermatitis (Rare)
• Systemic reactions (extremely rare with topical use) (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

• Potential interaction with other systemic azoles increasing the risk of toxicity

Drug-Food Interactions

N/A

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Patient/Family Teaching

• Use exactly as prescribed.
• Apply a thin layer to the affected area.
• Avoid contact with eyes, mouth, or mucous membranes.
• Report any excessive redness, swelling, or signs of allergic reaction.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

• No black box warnings for topical econazole.

Genetic Factors: No specific genetic considerations known.

Lab Test Interference: No known interference with laboratory tests.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: No systemic toxicity expected; local irritation may occur.

Treatment: Wash affected area; symptomatic treatment as needed.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture.

Stability: Stable until the expiration date on the package.