Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Fish Oil Triglycerides
Classification
Therapeutic: Nutritional supplement, Lipid therapy
Pharmacological: Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA)
FDA Approved Indications
- Parenteral nutrition in infants with fish oil deficiency or fatty acid deficiency
Mechanism of Action
Provides eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which incorporate into cell membranes, exert anti-inflammatory effects, and modulate lipid metabolism.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: As per clinician prescription; typically administered intravenously in hospital settings.
Pediatric: Dosing varies based on patient weight and clinical condition; administered via infusion under medical supervision.
Geriatric: Similar to adult dosing; consider renal and hepatic function adjustments.
Renal Impairment: Adjustments may be necessary based on clinical response and tolerance.
Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; monitor liver function and lipid levels.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Administered intravenously, bypassing absorption barriers.
Distribution: Widely distributed in plasma and tissues; incorporates into cell membranes.
Metabolism: Metabolized in tissues; potential beta-oxidation in the liver.
Excretion: Metabolites excreted via urine and feces.
Half Life: Dependent on the formulation and individual metabolism.
Contraindications
- Allergy to fish or shellfish.
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with bleeding disorders or on anticoagulants; monitor for bleeding.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Nausea (Rare)
- Headache (Rare)
- Altered taste (Rare)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Bleeding complications (Uncommon)
- Anaphylaxis in hypersensitive individuals (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin) - increased bleeding risk.
Drug-Food Interactions
- None specific
Drug-Herb Interactions
- Caution with herbal supplements affecting bleeding risk (e.g., ginkgo, garlic).
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor lipid levels, bleeding signs, and liver function.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for bleeding
- Altered nutrition: less than body requirements
Implementation: Administer via infusion per protocol; monitor for adverse reactions; ensure proper infusion technique.
Evaluation: Assess for efficacy in lipid status and watch for adverse effects.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Inform about potential bleeding risk and signs of bleeding.
- Advise on reporting adverse reactions such as bleeding or allergic responses.
- Ensure understanding of administration method if applicable.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- None specific for Omegaven.
Genetic Factors: None established.
Lab Test Interference: May alter lipid panels; interpret results accordingly.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Signs of bleeding or allergic reaction.
Treatment: Discontinue infusion; provide supportive care; treat symptoms as necessary.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store refrigerated at 2-8°C (36-46°F); protect from light.
Stability: Stable until the expiration date on the package when stored properly.