Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Gentian Violet
Classification
Therapeutic: Antiseptic, Antifungal
Pharmacological: Triphenylmethane dye
FDA Approved Indications
- Treatment of candidiasis of mucous membranes (oropharyngeal, esophageal, vaginal candidiasis)
Mechanism of Action
Gentian violet binds to microbial cell walls and DNA, disrupting cellular function and inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth, leading to cell death.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Apply a small amount to affected mucous membranes 1-2 times daily.
Pediatric: Use with caution; consult pediatric dosing guidelines due to limited data.
Geriatric: Adjustments not generally required; monitor for local irritation.
Renal Impairment: No specific adjustment needed.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustment needed.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption when applied topically.
Distribution: Primarily localized at application site.
Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized; excreted unchanged.
Excretion: Excreted via feces; negligible renal excretion.
Half Life: Not applicable, as systemic absorption is minimal.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to gentian violet or triphenylmethane dyes.
Precautions
- May stain tissues and clothing.
- Use cautiously in patients with blood dyscrasias or skin sensitivities.
- Avoid use in deep or large wounds due to potential for systemic absorption.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Local tissue staining (Common)
- Mild irritation or burning sensation (Uncommon)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Allergic contact dermatitis (Rare)
- Systemic absorption leading to toxicity (rare) (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- None well-documented; avoid concurrent use with other dyes or topical agents that may interact.
Drug-Food Interactions
- None specific.
Drug-Herb Interactions
- None documented.
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Inspect application site for irritation, allergic reactions, and effectiveness.
Diagnoses:
- Risk of skin or mucosal irritation
- Altered tissue integrity
Implementation: Apply as per instructions, ensuring proper contact with affected area, avoid ingestion or contact with eyes.
Evaluation: Monitor for resolution of infection and any adverse reactions.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Use as directed, avoid ingestion.
- Report any signs of hypersensitivity or irritation.
- Avoid staining clothing and mucous membranes.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- None.
Genetic Factors: None.
Lab Test Interference: May stain tissues and laboratory materials, potentially interfering with diagnostic tests.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Localized tissue staining, irritation, or systemic toxicity if absorbed in large quantities.
Treatment: Discontinue use, provide supportive care, and consult poison control or medical toxicology for management.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from light.
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.