Home Drug Guide Isoetharine Hydrochloride

Drug Guide

Generic Name

Isoetharine Hydrochloride

Brand Names Bronkosol, Beta-2, Isoetharine Hydrochloride S/f

Classification

Therapeutic: Bronchodilator

Pharmacological: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist

FDA Approved Indications

Relief of bronchospasm in patients with reversible airway obstruction

Mechanism of Action

Isoetharine Hydrochloride stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, leading to relaxation of bronchial muscles and bronchodilation.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Typically 0.5 mL of 0.5% solution nebulized every 2–4 hours as needed.

Pediatric: Doses are similar to adult, but should be based on clinician judgment; usually 0.25–0.5 mL of 0.5% solution nebulized, titrated based on response.

Geriatric: Adjust doses cautiously, considering comorbidities and overall health.

Renal Impairment: Use with caution; no specific dose adjustments established.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific data; use cautiously.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapid absorption when nebulized.

Distribution: Limited data; primarily systemic circulation post-inhalation.

Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.

Excretion: Excreted mainly in urine.

Half Life: Approximately 3–4 hours.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to isoetharine or other adrenergic agents.

Precautions

Use cautiously in patients with cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism; avoid overuse due to possible cardiac effects.

Adverse Reactions - Common

Tremors (Common)
Headache (Common)
Increased heart rate (Common)
Palpitations (Common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

Cardiac arrhythmias (Serious)
Hypertension (Serious)
Hypokalemia (Serious)

Drug-Drug Interactions

Other sympathomimetic drugs, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants.

Drug-Food Interactions

N/A

Drug-Herb Interactions

N/A

Nursing Implications

Assessment: Monitor respiratory status, lung auscultation, vital signs, and cardiac rhythm.

Diagnoses:

Impaired gas exchange
Ineffective airway clearance

Implementation: Administer via nebulizer as prescribed, monitor for side effects.

Evaluation: Assess improvement in lung function and reduction in bronchospasm symptoms.

Patient/Family Teaching

Instruct patient on proper use of nebulizer.
Advise to report chest pain, palpitations, or tremors.
Warn about possible side effects and when to seek medical attention.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

None specifically for isoetharine, but overuse can cause significant cardiovascular effects.

Genetic Factors: No specific genetic considerations identified.

Lab Test Interference: None known.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Severe tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmias, nervousness, tremors.

Treatment: Administer beta-blockers if necessary; provide supportive care, monitor cardiovascular status.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from light.

Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.