Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Masoprocol
Classification
Therapeutic: Antineoplastic agent, topical
Pharmacological: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ inhibitor
FDA Approved Indications
- Use in topical form for premalignant skin lesions and carcinoma in situ of the penis
Mechanism of Action
Masoprocol inhibits abnormal cell proliferation by activating PPARγ, leading to differentiation and apoptosis of carcinoma cells, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Apply a thin layer of masoprocol cream to affected skin areas 2-3 times daily.
Pediatric: Not generally recommended due to limited data.
Geriatric: Adjust dosage based on response and tolerability; no specific adjustments recommended.
Renal Impairment: No specific adjustment needed.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustment needed.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption when applied topically.
Distribution: Primarily localized; systemic levels are typically low.
Metabolism: Metabolized locally in skin tissues; limited data on systemic metabolism.
Excretion: Excreted via skin and possibly in tiny amounts in urine; systemic excretion minimal.
Half Life: Not well established; topical application results in low systemic half-life.
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to masoprocol or any component of the formulation.
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with impaired skin integrity or existing skin infections.
- Pregnancy category C; use only if clearly needed.
- Lactation: No data; consider benefits vs. risks.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Erythema, skin irritation (Common)
- Itching, burning sensation at application site (Common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Severe allergic contact dermatitis (Uncommon)
- Systemic hypersensitivity reactions (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- None well documented; caution with other topical agents that may cause irritation.
Drug-Food Interactions
- Not applicable.
Drug-Herb Interactions
- Limited data; caution with herbal products that cause skin irritation or photosensitivity.
Nursing Implications
Assessment: Inspect skin for reactions, signs of irritation or hypersensitivity before and during treatment.
Diagnoses:
- Impaired skin integrity related to topical irritation
Implementation: Apply as directed, avoid occlusion, and educate patient on proper application.
Evaluation: Monitor for improvements in skin lesions and any adverse reactions.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Apply medication exactly as prescribed.
- Report any severe skin reactions or allergy symptoms.
- Avoid covering treated skin areas with occlusive dressings.
- Protect skin from sunlight, as photosensitivity may occur.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- None reported.
Genetic Factors: Not specifically known to be impacted by genetic factors.
Lab Test Interference: None significant.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Local skin irritation; systemic toxicity is unlikely due to minimal absorption.
Treatment: Wash area with soap and water; symptomatic treatment as needed.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
Stability: Stable when stored properly; check expiration date.