Generic Name

Olopatadine Hydrochloride

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Classification

FDA Approved Indications

• Allergic conjunctivitis (Pataday and Patanase)

Mechanism of Action

Olopatadine blocks histamine H1 receptors and stabilizes mast cells, preventing the release of inflammatory mediators associated with allergic reactions.

Dosage and Administration

Adult: Pataday: One drop in affected eye(s) twice daily. Patanase: One spray in each nostril once daily.

Pediatric: Safety and efficacy established in children 3 years and older for Pataday; 6 years and older for Patanase.

Geriatric: No specific dosage adjustment required; use with caution in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.

Renal Impairment: No specific adjustments needed.

Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments needed.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapid absorption via conjunctival and nasal mucosa.

Distribution: Widely distributed; ocular tissues, nasal mucosa.

Metabolism: Minimal hepatic metabolism; primarily excreted unchanged.

Excretion: Renal excretion of unchanged drug.

Half Life: Approximately 5 hours.

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to olopatadine or any component of the formulation.

Precautions

• Use with caution in patients with ophthalmic infections, or nasal infections.
• Not studied in pregnant or lactating women; use only if benefits outweigh risks.

Adverse Reactions - Common

• Ocular irritation, burning, or pruritus (Common)
• Untoward taste in the mouth (Patanase) (Common)

Adverse Reactions - Serious

• Anaphylaxis (Rare)
• Vision changes or eye pain (Rare)

Drug-Drug Interactions

• None commonly reported, but caution with other ophthalmic or nasal medications.

Drug-Food Interactions

• No significant interactions.

Drug-Herb Interactions

• Lack of data; use caution.

Nursing Implications

Patient/Family Teaching

• Use medication as directed.
• Report any adverse reactions, especially ocular pain, vision changes, or signs of allergy worsening.
• Use proper hand hygiene before instilling drops.
• Do not touch the tip of the dropper to eye or nasal tissues.

Special Considerations

Black Box Warnings:

• None currently.

Genetic Factors: Data limited.

Lab Test Interference: No significant interference known.

Overdose Management

Signs/Symptoms: Unlikely with topical use; ingestion may cause anticholinergic-like symptoms including dry mouth and confusion.

Treatment: Supportive care; seek medical attention for ingestion.

Storage and Handling

Storage: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture.

Stability: Stable until expiration date when stored properly.