Drug Guide
Pindolol
Classification
Therapeutic: Antihypertensive, Antianginal
Pharmacological: Beta-adrenergic blocker (non-selective)
FDA Approved Indications
- Hypertension
- Angina pectoris
Mechanism of Action
Pindolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker that decreases heart rate, cardiac output, and blood pressure by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and other tissues, and also has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Initially 5 mg twice daily, titrated as needed up to 20 mg twice daily.
Pediatric: Not established for pediatric use.
Geriatric: Start at lower doses; monitor for adverse effects.
Renal Impairment: Adjust dose cautiously depending on severity.
Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; no specific adjustments established.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed, crosses blood-brain barrier.
Metabolism: Partially metabolized in the liver.
Excretion: Primarily excreted via the kidneys.
Half Life: 3-4 hours.
Contraindications
- Bronchial asthma
- Significant cardiac failure
- Shock (including cardiogenic shock)
- Sick sinus syndrome without pacemaker
Precautions
- Use with caution in diabetes (masking hypoglycemia symptoms), peripheral vascular disease, thyrotoxicosis, or renal impairment.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Dizziness (Occasional)
- Fatigue (Occasional)
- Bradycardia (Uncommon)
- Gastrointestinal discomfort (Uncommon)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Respiratory distress, bronchospasm in asthmatics (Rare)
- Severe bradycardia or hypotension (Rare)
- Heart failure exacerbation (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Other antihypertensives, antiarrhythmics, digoxin, catecholamine depleting agents.
Drug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory status.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for hypotension
- Ineffective tissue perfusion
Implementation: Administer with food to reduce GI upset; monitor vital signs regularly.
Evaluation: Assess therapeutic response; adjust dosage accordingly.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Take medication exactly as prescribed.
- Do not discontinue abruptly to avoid rebound hypertension.
- Monitor blood pressure regularly.
- Report symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, or irregular heartbeat.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings: N/A
Genetic Factors: N/A
Lab Test Interference: May alter blood glucose and lipid profiles.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Severe bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, heart failure symptoms.
Treatment: Discontinue medication; provide supportive care; administer atropine for bradycardia; vasoconstrictors may be used for hypotension; dialysis is not effective.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Stability: Stable for shelf life as indicated by manufacturer.