Nurses Compass
Drug Guide
Secretin
Classification
Therapeutic: Endocrine and pancreatic secretion stimulant
Pharmacological: Hormone, peptide
FDA Approved Indications
- Diagnostic evaluation of pancreatic function, particularly in cases of suspected pancreatic exocrine insufficiency or to differentiate pancreatic diseases
Mechanism of Action
Secretin is a peptide hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid, aiding in neutralizing gastric acid in the small intestine. It also influences the secretion of other pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonate.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Administered intravenously, typically 0.2 to 0.3 units/kg, as part of diagnostic testing to stimulate pancreatic secretions.
Pediatric: Use as per physician’s discretion; specific dosing based on age and weight, usually similar to adult protocols.
Geriatric: No specific dose adjustment; monitor for adverse reactions.
Renal Impairment: Use with caution; no specific dose adjustment but monitor closely.
Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution; no specific dose adjustment.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Not applicable; administered parenterally.
Distribution: Rapidly distributed in plasma following IV injection.
Metabolism: Degraded by proteolytic enzymes in the circulation.
Excretion: Metabolites excreted by the kidneys.
Half Life: Approximately 4-6 minutes.
Contraindications
- Allergy to secretin or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding or suspected gastrointestinal perforation.
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease; monitor for hypersensitivity reactions.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Nausea or abdominal discomfort (Common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Anaphylactic reactions (Rare)
- Hypersensitivity reactions including rash, urticaria (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Potential interference with other diagnostic tests involving pancreatic secretions.
Drug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Assess baseline pancreatic function and allergies.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for allergic reaction
- Impaired pancreatic exocrine function
Implementation: Administer IV as ordered; monitor patient response and for adverse reactions.
Evaluation: Evaluate patient response to secretin administration, including any adverse effects.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Inform about the purpose of secretin testing.
- Report any allergic symptoms or adverse effects immediately.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings: N/A
Genetic Factors: No known significant genetic considerations.
Lab Test Interference: May interfere with diagnostic studies of pancreatic function.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Allergic reactions, hypersensitivity symptoms.
Treatment: Discontinue drug immediately; manage symptoms supportively; treat anaphylaxis with epinephrine and antihistamines as required.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store in a refrigerator at 2-8°C.
Stability: Use immediately after reconstitution; stability varies per manufacturer instructions.