Drug Guide
Ustekinumab-aekn
Classification
Therapeutic: Immunosuppressant, Monoclonal Antibody
Pharmacological: Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-23 Inhibitor
FDA Approved Indications
- Plaque Psoriasis
- Crohn's Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Psoriatic Arthritis
Mechanism of Action
Ustekinumab-aekn binds to the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, preventing them from interacting with their receptors, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory pathways involved in psoriasis, Crohn's disease, and other autoimmune conditions.
Dosage and Administration
Adult: Typically, for plaque psoriasis, an initial dose of 45 mg or 90 mg administered via subcutaneous injection, with subsequent doses every 12 weeks. Dose may vary based on indication.
Pediatric: Dosing in pediatric patients is less established; consult specific prescribing information.
Geriatric: Adjustments generally not required but consider comorbidities.
Renal Impairment: No specific adjustments; use cautiously.
Hepatic Impairment: No specific adjustments; use cautiously.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Subcutaneous absorption with peak levels in approximately 1 week.
Distribution: Limited data; expected to distribute broadly in tissues.
Metabolism: Metabolized via proteolytic catabolism similar to other IgG monoclonal antibodies.
Excretion: Limited data, primarily via catabolism; renal excretion not significant.
Half Life: Approximately 3 weeks.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ustekinumab or any component of the formulation.
Precautions
- Risk of infections; monitor for signs of infections.
- History of malignancy; use caution.
- Screen for latent tuberculosis prior to treatment.
Adverse Reactions - Common
- Upper respiratory infections (Common)
- Headache (Common)
- Fatigue (Common)
Adverse Reactions - Serious
- Serious infections (e.g., tuberculosis, bacterial, viral, fungal) (Uncommon)
- Malignancies (Rare)
- Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis (Rare)
Drug-Drug Interactions
- Immunosuppressants
Drug-Food Interactions
N/ADrug-Herb Interactions
N/ANursing Implications
Assessment: Monitor for signs of infection, evaluate skin for reactions, assess for new or worsening symptoms.
Diagnoses:
- Risk for infection
- Impaired skin integrity
Implementation: Administer as prescribed, watch for adverse reactions, educate patient about infection prevention.
Evaluation: Efficacy assessed by improvement in condition, absence of adverse effects, and patient adherence.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Report signs of infection immediately.
- Do not receive live vaccines during therapy.
- Inform about potential side effects and when to seek medical help.
- Maintain good personal hygiene.
Special Considerations
Black Box Warnings:
- Increased risk of infections and malignancies.
- Serious infections including tuberculosis and fungal infections have been reported.
Genetic Factors: Pharmacogenomic data ongoing; no specific genetic markers currently used in prescribing.
Lab Test Interference: May alter immune response; interpret lab results with caution.
Overdose Management
Signs/Symptoms: Unknown, but likely includes severe immunosuppression.
Treatment: Supportive care; no specific antidote. Consider hospitalization and broad-spectrum antibiotics if infection suspected.
Storage and Handling
Storage: Store in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze.
Stability: Stable until expiration date when stored properly.